Free test · CES-D
Shows how many depressive feelings, such as low mood, poor sleep or loss of energy, you have had over the past week. A score of 16 or more is the usual cutoff for taking a closer look. It is not a diagnosis.
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The CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) was developed by Lenore Radloff at the US National Institute of Mental Health in 1977 for studies of the general population. Each of its 20 statements is rated from 0 to 3 by how often it applied during the past week, so the total runs from 0 to 60. Four positive statements are scored in reverse. In the original, 16 or more is the common cutoff (Radloff, 1977).
A questionnaire cannot diagnose depression. A high score only says that many depressive feelings were present last week. A doctor or psychologist can tell what they mean after a conversation.
Your score is calculated right in your browser. Your answers reach our server only if you ask for your result by email: we write the email and do not keep them.
This is the original 20-item version. The revised CESD-R follows the diagnostic criteria more closely, and the CES-D-10 is a shortened form of ten questions. If you want to compare, take one of them: Depression symptoms test (CESD-R)
Source: CES-D: Radloff L. S., 1977, The CES-D Scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population, Applied Psychological Measurement 1(3), 385-401, DOI 10.1177/014662167700100306.
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